如何统一接口测试的功能、自动化和性能测试用例

原创八音弦 FunTester

服务端的测试，大多数内容都围绕着接口展开。对于接口测试，无非也是功能、自动化、性能测试为主，偶然想到一个问题，如果能写一个用例，在功能、自动化、性能三者的测试场景中重复使用，肯定能省去非常多的时间。

总体思路跟之前的接口和性能框架一样，通过总的测试项目中把接口功能封装好，留出来测试参数。功能测试就写方法调用然后人肉检查，自动化的话把接口响应拿出来，然后验证各种数据，性能直接使用性能框架直接调用该方法即可。

花了点时间，做了一个Demo，分享给大家。

这是一个简易的接口请求方法，其中main方法里面是功能测试执行代码，用例是文档形式，这里就不写了：


public class Headgear extends NajmBase {

    public Headgear(NajmBase najmBase) {        this.loginKey = najmBase.loginKey;        this.args = najmBase.args;        this.user_id = najmBase.user_id;    }
    private static NajmBase base = NajmBase.getBase(0);
    public static Headgear drive = new Headgear(base);

    /**     * 当前正在使用的头套     */
    public int usingHeadgearId;
    //	public JSONObject headgearInfo = new JSONObject();    public Map<Integer, Long> headgearInfo = new HashMap<>();
    public static void main(String[] args) {//		NajmBase.getUserBalance(base.user_id);//		int type = 1, id = 36, packageId = 60, num = 1, price = 1;//		NajmBase base1 = new NajmBase(V580User.getUserName(0));//		Headgear headgear = new Headgear();//		headgear.switchHeadgear(34);//		output(headgear.getHeadgearInfo());//		output(headgear.getUsingHeadgearId());//		output(base1.loginResponse);//		drive.getAllHeadgear();//		new MallBase(base).buy(type, id, packageId, num, price);//		drive.getUserHeadgearInfo();//		NajmBase.getUserBalance(base.user_id);//		drive.getUserHeadgearInfo();//		drive.getOnsaleHeadgear();        int times = 0;        while (true) {            times++;            int type = 1, id = getRandomInt(2) == 1 ? 34 : 36, packageId = id == 34 ? 56 : 60, num = 1, price = 1;            long deadtime1 = drive.getHeadgearInfo().get(id);            Verify verify = new Verify(new MallBase(base).buy(type, id, packageId, num, price));            drive.getUserHeadgearInfo();            long deadtime2 = drive.getHeadgearInfo().get(id);            if (deadtime2 - deadtime1 != DAY) break;        }        output("一共进行了：" + times);//		output(drive.getHeadgearInfo());//		output(drive.usingHeadgear);//		output(drive.loginKey);//		output(drive.args);//		output(base.loginResponse.getJSONObject(DATAINFO).getJSONObject("headGear").getInt("id"));        testOver();    }
    /**     * 获取所有头套信息，包括下架的     *     * @return     */    public JSONObject getAllHeadgear() {        String url = HOST + HeadgearApiPath.GET_ALL_HEADGEAR;        HttpGet httpGet = getHttpGet(url);        JSONObject response = getHttpResponseEntityByJson(httpGet);        output(response);        return response;    }
    /**     * 用户切换头套接口     *     * @param hid     * @return     */    public JSONObject switchHeadgear(int hid) {        String url = HOST + HeadgearApiPath.SWITCH_HEADGEAR + hid + changeJsonToArguments(args);        HttpPost httpPost = getHttpPost(url);        JSONObject response = getHttpResponseEntityByJson(httpPost);//		output(response);        return response;    }
    /**     * 获取用户头套信息     *     * @return     */    public JSONObject getUserHeadgearInfo() {        sleep(1);        String url = HOST + HeadgearApiPath.GET_USER_HEADGEAR;        JSONObject response = getHttpResponseEntityByJson(getHttpGet(url, args));        output(response);        if (isRightResponse(response)) {            headgearInfo.clear();            JSONArray jsonArray = response.getJSONArray(DATAINFO);            jsonArray.forEach(json -> {                    JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(json.toString()) ;                    String name = jsonObject.getString("name") ;                    long deadTime = jsonObject.getLong("deadlineTime") ;                    int headgearId = jsonObject.getInt("goodId") ;                    int use = jsonObject.getInt("isUse") ;            if (use == 1) usingHeadgearId = headgearId;            headgearInfo.put(headgearId, deadTime);            output(name, headgearId, getTimeByTimestamp(deadTime));        } );        }        return response;    }
    /**     * 获取在售的头套的列表     *     * @return     */    public JSONObject getOnsaleHeadgear() {        String url = HOST + HeadgearApiPath.GET_ONSALE_HEADGEAR;        JSONObject response = getHttpResponseEntityByJson(getHttpGet(url, args));        output(response);        return response;    }
    public int getUsingHeadgearId() {        getUserHeadgearInfo();        return usingHeadgearId;    }
    public Map<Integer, Long> getHeadgearInfo() {        getUserHeadgearInfo();        return headgearInfo;    }
}

下面是基于该功能的自动化测试用例，main方法里面是调试用例的过程，执行用例的方法在之前的文章写过，利用反射去记录用例信息和执行测试用例，并保存测试结果，输出测试报告，异常预警等等：

/** * 用户0-10 */public class HeadgearCase extends SourceCode {	static HeadgearCase headgearCase = new HeadgearCase();	static NajmBase base = new NajmBase(V580User.getUserName(0));	static Headgear drive = new Headgear(base);
	public static void main(String[] args) {//		headgearCase.testDemo001();//		headgearCase.testDemo002();//		headgearCase.testDemo003();//		headgearCase.testDemo004();		headgearCase.testDemo005();//		headgearCase.testDemo006();		ApiLibrary.testOver();	}
	/**	 * 获取所有头套信息用例	 */	public void testDemo001() {		String label = "获取所有头套信息用例" + TAB + Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1];		Verify verify = new Verify(drive.getAllHeadgear());		JSONObject result = new JSONObject();		result.put("状态码为0", verify.isRight());		result.put("包含数组", verify.isArray("heads"));		result.put("包含已下架的头套", verify.isContains("自动化专用3"));		result.put("包含正在出售的头套", verify.isContains("自动化专用1"));		MySqlTest.saveTestResult(label, result);	}
	/**	 * 获取在售的头套用例	 */	public void testDemo002() {		String label = "获取在售的头套用例" + TAB + Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1];		Verify verify = new Verify(drive.getOnsaleHeadgear());		JSONObject result = new JSONObject();		result.put("状态码为0", verify.isRight());		result.put("包含数组", verify.isArray("dataInfo"));		result.put("不包含已下架的头套", !verify.isContains("自动化专用3"));		result.put("包含正在出售的头套", verify.isContains("自动化专用1"));		result.put("包含描述信息", verify.isContains("测试10天"));		MySqlTest.saveTestResult(label, result);	}
	/**	 * 获取用户头套信息用例	 */	public void testDemo003() {		String label = "获取用户头套信息用例" + TAB + Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1];		Verify verify = new Verify(drive.getUserHeadgearInfo());		JSONObject result = new JSONObject();		result.put("状态码为0", verify.isRight());		result.put("用户头套正常", verify.isContains("自动化专用1"));		result.put("用户佩戴正常", verify.isContains("\"isUse\":1"));		result.put("头套套餐正常", verify.isContains("测试1天"));		MySqlTest.saveTestResult(label, result);	}
	/**	 * 余额不足购买用例	 */	public void testDemo004() {		String label = "余额不足购买用例" + TAB + Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1];		NajmBase base = new NajmBase(V580User.getUserName(1));		int type = 1, id = 36, packageId = 60, num = 1, price = 1;		Verify verify = new Verify(new MallBase(base).buy(type, id, packageId, num, price));		JSONObject result = new JSONObject();		result.put("状态码为35", 35 == verify.getCode());		MySqlTest.saveTestResult(label, result);	}
	/**	 * 正常购买用例	 */	public void testDemo005() {		String label = "正常购买用例" + TAB + Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1];		int type = 1, id = getRandomInt(2) == 1 ? 34 : 36, packageId = id == 34 ? 56 : 60, num = 1, price = 1;		int balance = NajmBase.getUserBalance(drive.user_id);		long deadtime1 = drive.getHeadgearInfo().get(id);		Verify verify = new Verify(new MallBase(base).buy(type, id, packageId, num, price));		drive.getUserHeadgearInfo();		long deadtime2 = drive.getHeadgearInfo().get(id);		int balance1 = NajmBase.getUserBalance(drive.user_id);		JSONObject result = new JSONObject();		result.put("状态码为0", verify.isRight());		result.put("截止日期正确", (deadtime2 + EMPTY).equals(verify.getValue("deadlineTime")));		result.put("头套日期增加正常", deadtime2 - deadtime1 == DAY);		result.put("用户余额减少正常", balance - balance1 == 1);		MySqlTest.saveTestResult(label, result);	}
	/**	 * 用户切换头套用例	 */	public void testDemo006() {		String label = "用户切换头套用例" + TAB + Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1];		drive.getAllHeadgear();		int id1 = drive.getUsingHeadgearId() == 34 ? 36 : 34;		Verify verify = new Verify(drive.switchHeadgear(id1));		int id2 = drive.getUsingHeadgearId();		JSONObject result = new JSONObject();		result.put("状态码为0", verify.isRight());		result.put("头套切换成功", id1 == id2);		MySqlTest.saveTestResult(label, result);	}}

下面是一个针对其中某个功能的性能测试用例（测试用例分两种，一类是HTTP单次请求的，我才用了获取请求的HttpRequestBase对象然后去重新发送并发请求，一类是多接口或者非HTTP请求，如dubbo，mysql，redis，消息队列等等，直接调用的方法进行压测）：

简单HTTP请求：

class CancelReason extends OkayBase{
    public static void main(String[] args) {        def argsUtil = new ArgsUtil(args)        def thread = argsUtil.getIntOrdefault(0, 2)        def times = argsUtil.getIntOrdefault(1, 5)
        def base = getBase()                Headgear drive = new Headgear(base);        drive.getAllHeadgear()        def request = FanLibrary.getLastRequest()
        def timesthread = new RequestThreadTimes(request, times)        new Concurrent(timesthread, thread,"获取所有头套,内容流转二期压测接口").start()
        allOver()    }}

非简单HTTP请求的请参考之前写过的性能测试框架Demo：性能测试框架第二版。这类方法写起来比较简单，使用范围很高，但是需要根据不同的业务需求解决多线程数据和对象的安全问题。

整个项目放在git上，功能测试在本地，自动化项目和性能项目在服务器，采用Groovy脚本运行，也可以在本地调试。自动化项目采取定时或者间隔固定时间自动运行，性能项目收到输入命令groovy filename.groovy来运行。

郑重声明：文章首发于公众号“FunTester”，禁止第三方（腾讯云除外）转载、发表。

技术类文章精选

非技术文章精选

继续滑动看下一个